List of Triads in Medicine with simple drawings

HUS

Common Tumor markers and cancer antigens mnemonics

Tumor Markers

CEA - C  olorectal Cancer (not exclusive)
PSA - P   rostate Cancer


Cancer Antigens

Breast CA


Pancreatic CA


Ovarian CA

Bone remodelling mnemonics

Osteoblasts - builds
Osteoclasts - cuts

Inflammatory Bowel Disease mnemonic

Crohn's Disease

C for Cobblestones

Cushing Syndrome simplified mnemonic

Cushing Syndrome (Simplified version)

Central obesity/Cortisol

Urinary free corisol

Suppressed immunity

Hypertension/ Hirsutism

Iatrogenic (Increased administration of corticosteroids)

Neoplasms

Glucose intolerance/Growth retardation

Carcinoid syndrome mnemonics

CARCinoid Syndrome

CARC

Cutaneous flushing

Asthmatic wheezing

Right sided valvular heart lesions

Cramping and diarrhea

Cephalosporin coverage Mnemonic, Anaerobes

1st Gen	Gram (+) cocci Staph, Strep
	Gram (-) rods PEcK  P-roteus, E - coli, K -lebsiella pneumoniae
2nd Gen	Gram (+) cocci Staph, Strep
	Gram (-) rods HENPEcK  H - Influenzae, E - nterobacter aerogenes N - eisseria gonorrhea P-roteus, E - coli, K -lebsiella pneumoniae
3rd Gen	Gram (+) cocci Strep
	Gram (-) rods HENPEcK + P* H - Influenzae, E - nterobacter aerogenes N - eisseria gonorrhea P-roteus, E - coli, K -lebsiella pneumoniae P - seudomonas aureginosa (For some 3rd Gen)

Content: 4 🏅🏅🏅🏅 (Must-know)

Ease of memorisation: Very poor, requires repeated memorisation

Source: Lippincott

ABC of Anaerobes
Common Anaerobes

A - Actinomyces
B - Bacteroides Fragilis
C - Clostrodium sp.






Additional Notes:

3rd Gen cephalosporins: increased spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, moderate activity against anaerobic bacteria, and reduced anti-gram-positive activity as compared with earlier cephalosporins

Cefoxitin 
Indication: Surgical Prophylaxis

Cefoxitin was the most active against 33 isolates of Bacteroides fragilis

Citations
Tally, F. P., Jacobus, N. V., Bartlett, J. G., & Gorbach, S. L. (1975). Susceptibility of anaerobes to cefoxitin and other cephalosporins. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 7(2), 128–132. doi:10.1128/aac.7.2.128

Congenital Heart Disease Chest x-ray Findings

Congenital Heart Disease Chest x-ray Findings

TOF: Boot-shaped Heart
TGA: Egg-shaped
TAPV: Snowman's sign
Truncus Arteriosus: Right-sided Aortic Arch
Ebstein Anomaly: Box-shaped Heart





Content: 🏅🏅🏅 High-yield
Ease of memorisation: poor

Congenital Cyanotic Heart Disease Mnemonic

Congenital Cyanotic Heart Disease   4T's 

T - etralogy of Fallot

T - runcus Arteriosus

T -ransposition of the Great vessels

T - Tricuspid Atresia

Tips: Associate "T" with Cyanotic; Tips of Toes/Fingers are Tinged-Blue  

Tetralogy of Fallot

P -ulmonary Stenosis

R-ight ventricular hypertrophy

O-verriding aorta

V-entricular Septal Defect

e

Tips: TOF is the most common CHD, it does not need to PROVe it. 

P - first means most significant; Pulmonary stenosis is the most significant component

Content: 🏅🏅🏅🏅 Must-know

Ease: TF

Source: 414471971927769172

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/414471971927769172/?lp=true

https://images.app.goo.gl/XHJKZ3iB2qtxdw5W9

Rheumatic Fever Criteria Mnemonic

"JONES CAFE PAL"

Major Criteria
J -  joint Involvement
O - looks like a heart = Myocarditis
N - Nodules, subcutaneous
E - Erythema marginatum
S - Syndenham chorea


Minor Criteria
C - CRP increased
A - Arthralgia
F - Fever
E - elevated CSR

P - prolonged PR interval
A - anamnesis of Rheumatism
L - leukocytosis




Content: High-yield 🏅🏅🏅
Ease of memorisation: Extremely difficult
Please give time to study this.


Source: Knowmedge

Scarlet Fever

S - orethroat
C - ircumoral Pallor
A - antecubital fossa, Petechiae --> Pastia lines
R - ash (Sandpaper)
L - ymphadenopathy
E - erythrogenic Toxin
T - ongue (Strawberry)




Content: High-yield🏅🏅🏅
Ease of memorisation: ⭐⭐⭐



Source: https://www.medicowesome.com/2016/12/scarlet-fever-notes-and-mnemonic.html

Live Attenuated Vaccines Mnemonics

ROME Is My Best Place To go Yet

R - ubella
O - ral polio vaccine
M - easles
E - pidemic Typhus
I - nfluenza
M - umps
B -CG
P - lague
T - yphoid oral vaccine
Y -ellow fever



Content: Extremely Important: 🏅🏅🏅🏅
Ease of Memorisation: Extremely Difficult: 0

Epstein-Barr Virus Mnemonics

Epstein-Barr Virus

E
P
S
T
E
I - Infectious Mononucleosis
N - Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

B - Burkitt's Lymphoma
A - Aids related Lymphoma (Hodgkins & Non-Hodgkins)
R
R




Content: 🏅🏅 
Ease of Memorisation: ⭐⭐

Congenital Rubella Mnemonics

ABCDE  FGHIJKLM of Congenital Rubella

A - Autism/Auditory defects
B - Blueberry muffin spots
C - Cardiac defects (PDA)
E  - Eye problems (Cataracts, Corneal Opacity)


F 
G - Growth Retardation
H - Hepatosplenomegaly
I - IUGR
J - Jaundice
K
L - Low platelets
M - Mental/Motor Retardation/IgM
N  - Neurologic
O  - Opthalmic
P - PDA


Content: High-yield 🏅🏅🏅
Ease of Memorization:⭐⭐

Some days as an intern, I just woke up in the evening after a night duty listening to flightless bird while waters drenches my face on the shower, tired, contemplating of a lof things about my backlogs in the hospital and my review but also, especially about whether all the sacrifices is worth it.

But some days, I just smile because of a hot mug of coffee to push me thru the day.

Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides: common characteristics

AMINO:

A- Active Against Aerobic gram negative

M- Mechanism of resistance are Modifying enzymes

I– Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 30S subunit

N- Nephrotoxic

O- Ototoxic

Sulfonamides

Sulfonamides: common characteristics SULFA:


S-Steven-Johnson syndrome

U-Urine precipitation/ Useful for UTI

L-Large spectrum

F-Folic acids synthesis blocker

A-Analog of PABA




Content:🏅🏅🏅(High-yield)
Ease: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

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